TZM molybdenum alloy is a high-performance alloy based on molybdenum, with small amounts of titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), and carbon (C) added. Its name derives from the initials of these additive elements. As an advanced material widely used in aerospace, nuclear industries, and high-temperature industrial applications, TZM alloy is renowned for its exceptional melting point and high-temperature performance.
Molybdenum itself is a high-melting-point metal, with a melting point of 2623°C. The melting point of TZM molybdenum alloy, enhanced by the addition of trace elements, is comparable to that of pure molybdenum, exceeding 2600°C. This enables TZM alloy to maintain excellent structural stability in extreme high-temperature environments. The addition of titanium and zirconium not only reinforces the molybdenum matrix's grain structure but also improves the alloy's oxidation resistance and high-temperature strength, making its overall performance under high-temperature conditions far superior to pure molybdenum.
In terms of high-temperature performance, TZM molybdenum alloy demonstrates exceptional creep resistance and thermal stability. Even in high-temperature environments ranging from 1200°C to 1400°C, TZM alloy retains its mechanical strength and deformation resistance. Its creep life is significantly longer than that of pure molybdenum and other molybdenum alloys. Thanks to the dispersion strengthening effect of carbides within the alloy, its high-temperature creep resistance is further enhanced, making it ideal for applications in high-temperature furnace components, rocket nozzles, molds, and nuclear reactor components under extreme conditions.
However, TZM molybdenum alloy also has limitations. For instance, it is prone to forming volatile oxides in oxidizing environments. As a result, it is typically used in vacuum or protective atmospheres, or with protective coatings to extend its lifespan. Overall, due to its high melting point and outstanding high-temperature performance, TZM molybdenum alloy is an indispensable material in high-temperature industrial applications.
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