Tungsten

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Application of Barium Tungsten Electrode in Photomultiplier Tube 39

Barium tungsten electrode plays an important role as cathode material in photomultiplier tube. Photomultiplier tube is a highly sensitive photodetector, which is widely used in particle physics, nuclear physics, astrophysics and other fields to detect weak light signals. Its working principle is to use the photoelectric effect to convert light signal into electronic signal, and then amplify the electronic signal through the electron multiplication mechanism, and finally output the electrical signal. 1. The Role of Barium Tungsten Electrode The cathode…

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High Temperature Oxidation Resistance Mechanism of Barium Tungsten Electrode 18

Barium tungsten electrode (W-Ba electrode) is often used in discharge lamps, vacuum tubes and other devices in high temperature environment due to its excellent high temperature oxidation resistance. Its high temperature oxidation resistance mechanism is mainly closely related to the chemical properties of barium and its role in the tungsten matrix. 1. Low work function and electron emission ability of barium: Barium (Ba) is an alkaline earth metal with a low work function, which can significantly reduce the surface work…

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Effect of Heat Treatment on Barium Tungsten Electrode Performance 15

The optimization of the performance of barium tungsten electrode by heat treatment is a complex process, involving a comprehensive balance of microstructure, emission performance, mechanical properties and chemical stability. By precisely controlling heat treatment parameters (such as temperature, time, atmosphere and cooling rate), the electron emission efficiency, mechanical strength and service life of barium tungsten electrode can be significantly improved. The specific process needs to be customized according to the application scenario of the electrode (such as high temperature environment…

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Analysis of the Anti-Ablation Performance of Barium Tungsten Electrode 16

Barium tungsten electrode is widely used in high-intensity gas discharge lamps, electron tubes and other fields due to its excellent electron emission performance and high stability. Its anti-ablation performance, that is, the ability to resist material loss under extreme conditions such as high temperature and high current, is a key indicator for evaluating its service life and stability. Ablation refers to the phenomenon that the surface material of the electrode is lost due to physical or chemical processes under harsh…

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Electron Emission Mechanism of Barium Tungsten Electrode 19

Barium tungsten electrode is a high-performance thermal electron emission cathode widely used in vacuum electronic devices (such as high-power microwave tubes, X-ray tubes, etc.). Its electron emission mechanism involves complex physical and chemical processes, and the core lies in the single atomic layer coverage of barium (Ba) atoms on the surface of porous tungsten substrate. 1. Basic Structure and Preparation of Barium Tungsten Electrode Porous tungsten substrate: a porous structure formed by sintering tungsten powder. Impregnation of active substances: impregnation…

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Thermionic Emission Characteristics of Barium Tungsten Electrode 21

Barium tungsten electrode is an electron emission material composed of tungsten (W) and barium (Ba) compounds. Its thermal electron emission characteristics have important applications in vacuum electronic devices, light sources, medical and industrial fields. 1. Composite Structure Advantages of Barium Tungsten Electrode The tungsten porous matrix provides high melting point and mechanical strength to ensure the stability of the electrode at high temperature. Active substances such as barium compounds are added through the impregnation process to significantly reduce the work…

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The Role of Barium Tungsten Electrode in High-Resolution Microscopy 17

Barium tungsten electrode plays a vital role in high-resolution microscopy, mainly used as an electron source, providing a high-quality electron beam to achieve high-resolution imaging. 1. Basic Composition of Barium Tungsten Electrode Barium tungsten electrode is usually made of tungsten porous matrix impregnated with barium salt. This combination of materials makes it a commonly used cathode in electron microscopes for generating electron beams, with high stability, long life and other characteristics. 2. Working Principle of Barium Tungsten Electrode Barium tungsten…

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Silicotungstic Acid 18

Silicotungstic acid, also known as tungstosilicic acid or tungstosilicic acid hydrate, is an inorganic compound composed of tungsten, silicon, hydrogen, and oxygen. It is an inorganic acid formed by hydrogen ions and silicotungstate anions, with the English name tungstosilicic acid hydrate or silicotungstic acid, molecular formula H?[Si(W?O??)?]·nH?O, molecular weight 2878.17, and CAS number 12027-38-2. Silicotungstic acid appears as a white or pale yellow crystalline powder. It is non-toxic, non-flammable, but slightly irritating, with a purity of up to 98%, a…

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Tungsten Niobium Alloy 25

Tungsten niobium alloy, also known as niobium tungsten alloy, is a two-phase alloy composed of two transition metals or refractory metals, similar to tungsten-molybdenum (WMo) alloys. It is widely used in aerospace, aviation, maritime, military, and defense fields due to its excellent mechanical, thermal, and chemical properties. Note: Tungsten (W) has an atomic number of 74, and niobium (Nb) has an atomic number of 41. Tungsten niobium alloy combines the advantages of tungsten and niobium, featuring a high melting point,…

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Application Value of Barium Tungsten Electrode in High-Energy Particle Accelerators 32

Barium tungsten electrodes play a crucial role in high-energy particle accelerators, especially electron accelerators and free electron lasers, mainly as the core component of high-performance electron sources – electron gun cathodes. Its application value is mainly reflected in the following aspects: 1. Generate High Brightness and High Current Electron Beams High heat electron emission capability: Barium tungsten electrodes can provide very high electron emission current density at relatively low operating temperatures. This is crucial for accelerators that require extremely high…

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