High-density tungsten alloy shielding components are functional parts made with tungsten alloy as the core material, primarily used to shield various types of rays such as X-rays and gamma rays. They are widely applied in fields such as medical care and the nuclear industry.
From the perspective of material properties, the density of high-density tungsten alloys typically ranges between 16.5 and 18.75 g/cm3, significantly higher than that of lead (11.34 g/cm3) and other shielding materials. This high-density characteristic increases the frequency of interactions between rays and atoms as they pass through the material, effectively absorbing or attenuating ray energy through mechanisms such as the photoelectric effect and Compton scattering, thereby achieving a shielding effect. Additionally, it exhibits excellent mechanical properties, with high hardness and strength, making it resistant to deformation from collisions or compression and ensuring a longer service life.
In terms of structure, high-density tungsten alloy shielding components come in various shapes, including shielding blocks, shielding plates, and shielding cans, which can be designed in different sizes and shapes based on specific scenario requirements. For example, in medical radiotherapy equipment, they are processed into shielding components that match the radiation source, effectively blocking excess rays to protect medical personnel and patients. In the nuclear industry, they are used as shielding materials around reactors or as equipment casings to prevent nuclear radiation leakage.
Compared to traditional lead-based shielding components, high-density tungsten alloy shielding components better align with the demands of sustainable development: while lead offers good shielding performance, it is soft, prone to deformation, and a toxic heavy metal, with its waste polluting the environment. In contrast, high-density tungsten alloys are non-toxic, environmentally friendly, non-radioactive, recyclable, and possess superior mechanical processing properties, meeting the dimensional requirements of precision instruments for shielding components.
In practical applications, the performance of tungsten alloy shielding components can be further optimized by adding elements such as nickel or iron or adjusting the composition ratio, balancing shielding effectiveness with processing convenience. As a result, they have become an important material choice in the modern field of ray protection.
